A D4571: Real matrix $A \in \mathbb{R}^{N \times N}$ is invertible if and only if
| (1) | $A$ is a D5869: Left-invertible real matrix |
| (2) | $A$ is a D5868: Right-invertible real matrix |
| (1) | $A$ is a D5869: Left-invertible real matrix |
| (2) | $A$ is a D5868: Right-invertible real matrix |