ThmDex – An index of mathematical definitions, results, and conjectures.
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▼ Set of real numbers
Definition D1275
Set of basic numbers
Formulation 1
Let $\mathbb{R}$ be the D282: Set of real numbers.
The set of basic numbers is the D11: Set \begin{equation} [-\infty, \infty] : = \mathbb{R} \cup \{ - \infty, + \infty \} \end{equation}
Also known as
Set of extended real numbers
Children
▶ D1699: Basic number
▶ D4517: Set of euclidean basic numbers
Conventions
▶
Convention 0 (Real arithmetic rules involving infinities)
Given the D1275: Set of basic numbers $[-\infty, \infty]$, we define the following arithmetic rules:
(1) \begin{equation} \forall \, x \in (- \infty, \infty] : \infty + x = x + \infty = \infty \end{equation}
(2) \begin{equation} \forall \, x \in [- \infty, \infty) : - \infty + x = x + (- \infty) = - \infty \end{equation}
(3) \begin{equation} \forall \, x \in (- \infty, \infty] : \infty \cdot 0 = 0 \cdot \infty = 0 \end{equation}
(4) \begin{equation} \forall \, x \in [- \infty, \infty) : - \infty \cdot 0 = 0 \cdot (- \infty) = 0 \end{equation}
(5) \begin{equation} \forall \, x \in (-\infty, \infty) : (x < \infty) \text{ and } (- \infty < x) \end{equation}
(6) \begin{equation} \infty \cdot \infty = (- \infty) \cdot (- \infty) = \infty \end{equation}
(7) \begin{equation} \infty \cdot (- \infty) = - \infty \cdot \infty = - \infty \end{equation}
(8) \begin{equation} - (\infty) = - \infty \end{equation}
(9) \begin{equation} - (- \infty) = \infty \end{equation}
In particular, expressions such as $\infty - \infty$ and $- \infty + \infty$ are left undefined (are not accepted as well-founded formulas).