ThmDex – An index of mathematical definitions, results, and conjectures.
Sum of rational and irrational number is irrational
Formulation 2
Let $x \in \mathbb{I}$ be an D1243: Irrational number.
Let $q \in \mathbb{Q}$ be a D994: Rational number.
Then \begin{equation} x + q = q + x \in \mathbb{I} \end{equation}
Proofs
Proof 0
Let $x \in \mathbb{I}$ be an D1243: Irrational number.
Let $q \in \mathbb{Q}$ be a D994: Rational number.
Without loss of generality, it suffices to show that $x + q \in \mathbb{I}$.

Suppose to the contrary that $x + q$ is rational. Then there are integers $a$ and $b \neq 0$ such that \begin{equation} x + q = \frac{a}{b} \end{equation} Since $q$ is rational, there are integers $c$ and $d \neq 0$ such that $q = c / d$. Therefore, we have \begin{equation} x = \frac{a}{b} - \frac{c}{d} = \frac{a d - c b}{b d} \end{equation} Since $a$, $b$, $c$, and $d$ are integers, then so are $a d - c b$ and $b d$. Since $b \neq 0$ and $d \neq 0$, then also $b d \neq 0$. But this contradicts the assumption that $x$ was irrational. Therefore, $x + q \in \mathbb{I}$.